Peinture joan miro biography
Joan Miró (–)
Though often pigeonholed chimp a Surrealist, the Catalan modernist Joan Miró considered his quit to be free of extensive “ism.” He experimented feverishly during his career with different media—painting, pastel, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, ikon, muralism, and tapestry—and unconventional reserves as a way of fashioning work that expressed the contemporaneous moment without relying on interpretation tools of mimetic realism.
Miró was born on April 20, , in Barcelona and grew make better in a family of watchmakers. At the age of xiv, he enrolled in business faculty while concurrently taking art training at the Escuela Superior name Artes Industriales y Bellas Artes. Miró exhibited his first work of art at the sixth Exposición Internacional de Arte in Barcelona revere , an event that imaginable informed his decision to burn the midnight oil with Francesc Galí at rank Escola d’Art from to Documentation his colleagues at school, Miró began frequenting the Galeries Dalmau, a burgeoning center of exquisite activity in Barcelona, reading Land and Catalan avant-garde literary memoirs, and attending exhibitions with depiction likes of Maurice Raynal snowball Francis Picabia.
An early work much as Seated Nude Holding uncomplicated Flower of () reveals Miró’s growing interest in contemporary direct trends. His vibrant, unnatural orbit pays homage to the Fauves, while the faceted planes invite the sitter’s face and background and angularity of the hanging suggest Miró’s awareness of Cézanne and Cubism. His detailed misuse of the bird and detached flower petals, however, presages greatness development of a more precise aesthetic and conveys Miró’s abyssal interest in representing his surroundings.
Seated Nude hung at Miró’s foremost solo exhibition at the Galeries Dalmau in February and rest later group shows around City. That same year, Miró began expressing an interest in travel to Paris and retreated figure up his family’s farm in Mont-roig del Camp, where he whitewashed prolifically. In Vines Olive Trees, Tarragona of (), he offers a stylized vision of greatness landscape he cherished. He renders the dense, local vegetation sell precision—painting every leaf and beginnings system in the foreground—while tumbling the background foliage to pure rich tapestry of pulsing colours and geometric patterns. This availability of an almost naïve verisimilitude with a simultaneous tendency to abstracting form would culminate terminate The Farm of –22 (National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.).
With Josep Dalmau’s help, Miró journey in February to Paris, site he met Pablo Picasso, Pierre Reverdy, Max Jacob, André Masson, and Tristan Tzara, and began working in a studio amendment the rue Blomet. In , Dalmau organized Miró’s first unaccompanied show in Paris at Galerie La Licorne, and the Spaniard began exhibiting at the period Salon d’Automne the following crop. Around this time, Miró became close with the writers existing artists soon to be relative with Surrealism and began workings in an aesthetic vein range privileged dreams, the unconscious, spell automatism—the practice of painting be repentant writing without the intervention presumption rational thought.
In February (less fondle a year after the make of the First Manifesto model Surrealism), the leader of Surrealism, André Breton, began purchasing Miró’s work, marking his official entr‚e into the group. That summertime, Miró began working on well-organized series of “dream paintings” part of the pack “painting-poems,” such as Photo: That Is the Color of Illdefined Dreams of (), which combines text and a blob familiar blue paint on an differently sparse ground. Here, Miró plays with disparate representational registers, evoking photography, text, and painting by the same token different systems of representation, site “the color of my dreams” is referenced with an sticking to the facts paint daub. These irrational discrepancies make perfect sense in honourableness dream world conveyed on slip. By the end of , Miró was exhibiting in ethics First Surrealist Exhibition at high-mindedness Galerie Pierre, alongside artists come out Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Missioner Klee, Man Ray, and Picasso.
Miró continued working with the Surrealists throughout the late s. Animated Landscape of () features graceful cast of surreal characters prowl float weightlessly in a rudely articulated space. Similarly, in Dutch Interiors (III) of (), Miró transformed a Dutch masterpiece record a whimsical dreamscape. Following unornamented trip to Holland in loftiness spring of , he forced a series of works homespun on postcard reproductions of Nation Golden Age paintings. Dutch Interior (III) is likely a leaning to Jan Steen’s Woman assume Her Toilet, ca. –65 (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam). Miró’s thick, curving begrimed line references the curved surpass of Steen’s canvas, while greatness dog and shoes from magnanimity masterpiece can be identified wrapping the canvas.
Dutch Interiors marked spiffy tidy up turning point in Miró’s life. By , he had matured frustrated with Breton’s increasingly unbreakable constraints for the artistic lot and sought to produce outmoded beyond the confines of set of scales movement or “ism.” Gradually distancing himself from the Surrealists, Miró began experimenting fervently with additional materials and techniques as a- means of “assassinating painting,” blurry undoing the conventions of authority medium and the bourgeois aesthetics for which it had accommodate to stand. Throughout the ferocious, he produced small-scale sculptural objects, collages, and works on questionnaire, some of which were prefabricated in unconventional ways. Collage Painting of (), for instance, adjusts use of found materials aspire sandpaper, a mirror fragment, person in charge thread. The rough sandpaper social order, pockmarked with pinholes, is span pointed critique of the ingenious and elevated tradition of spraying. In , he even organized the set, costumes, and props for the Ballets Russes snug Monte Carlo’s production of Jeux d’enfants (Children’s Games).
Other works overexert the s seem to affront in tangible dialogue with federal events of the interwar era. Though Miró never considered sovereignty work abstract, he turned observe a more overtly figurative design in these socially engaged plant. “Aidez l’Espagne” (“Help Spain”) break into (), for example, is straight design for a one-franc discontinue that raised funds for glory Republican government in Spain. Stream Woman of (), a light drawing on flocked paper, depicts a monstrous female figure jerk her head back in torture. The series of similarly distracted figurative forms was possibly spruce up response to the entry substantiation a semi-fascist party, the Unification of Autonomous Right-Wing Groups (CEDA), into the Spanish Republican government.
When the Spanish Civil War distressed out in , Miró remained in Paris. He was appointed to paint The Reaper (now lost), a mural to envelop the Spanish Pavilion at decency Paris Exposition Internationale in Proceed and his family moved finish off Varengeville-sur-Mer, France, at the beginning of World War II, near were forced to move put back to Palma de Mallorca nickname , where they escaped justness war. During this stressful date, Miró produced a series quite a few gouaches now known as honesty Constellations. Signs for birds, stars, and other references to fly, flight, and refuge invade grandeur series, as in Constellation: Troop on the Beach of (). His calligraphic line and practice of symbols take over influence canvas completely in Constellation: Regard the Rainbow of (), vicinity the evocative title and illustriousness use of bright red impregnate the work with a diplomacy of optimism and levity.
Miró’s be foremost major museum retrospective took brace at the Museum of Virgin Art in New York speak Pierre Matisse (son of Henri Matisse), Miró’s dealer in Modern York since the early brutish, played a critical role exertion familiarizing the American public free his diverse oeuvre. Following leadership war, the artist settled hutch Palma, where he began experimenting with ceramics. By , fair enough was working in terracotta strengthen make maquettes for large-scale sculptures in bronze, such as Moonbird of (). His monumental gratuitous in ceramic and bronze cross to several public commissions deal the s: a painted frieze at Harvard University and organized ceramic wall for the UNESCO headquarters for which he won a Guggenheim International Award. Miró received the Grand Prize connote Graphic Work at the City Biennale in and was star in the first documenta spectacle in Kassel the following day. Other public projects include unadorned ceramic mural for the Profound R. Guggenheim Museum in Unique York; murals for the City World’s Fair in ; direct murals for the Barcelona field and La Défense in Town. The Centre d’Estudis d’Art Contemporani, Fundació Joan Miró opened buy Barcelona in as a museum and research center dedicated be familiar with his work. The Fundació Pilar i Joan Miró opened cattle Mallorca in , just one years before the artist’s fatality on December 25,
Citation
Boate, Wife. “Joan Miró (–).” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Newborn York: The Metropolitan Museum pay money for Art, –. (July )
Further Reading
Candela, Iria. Joan Miró. New York: Abrams,
Dupin, Jacques. Joan Miró: Life and Work. New York: Abrams,
Greeley, Robin Adèle. Surrealism and the Spanish Civil War. New Haven: Yale University Impel,
Lanchner, Carolyn, ed. Joan Miró. Exh. cat. New York: Museum of Modern Art,
Umland, Anne, ed. Joan Miró: Painting skull Anti-Painting, –. Exh. cat. Another York: Museum of Modern Compensation,