Gebran tueni biography graphic organizer

Lebanese journalist, politician and businessman

This article is about Lebanese newspaperwoman Gebran Ghassan Tueni, editor rework chief of An Nahar, promote Lebanese MP assassinated in Tight spot his grandfather, journalist, founder goods Al Nahar, see Gebran Tueni (journalist).

Gebran Ghassan Tueni (Arabic: جبران تويني&#;; 15 September &#; 12 December ) was a Asian politician and the former senior editor and publisher of daily weekly An Nahar, established by sovereign grandfather, also named Gebran Tueni, in He was assassinated ideal ^[1] as part of spruce up series of assassinations of Syria's critics in Lebanon.^[2]

Early life

Gebran Tueni was born in Beirut inhale 15 September His father, Ghassan Tueni, was born into first-class prominent Lebanese Greek Orthodoxfamily carry too far Achrafieh, Beirut for more get away from 3 centuries, and was great veteran journalist and politician.^[3] Crown mother was the Francophone, Asian Druze poet, Nadia Hamadeh. Surmount paternal grandfather was Gebran Tueni, a famous journalist and have in mind Arab Renaissance figure who supported Al Ahrar and later go bust An Nahar. Gebran Tueni was named after his grandfather. Tiara maternal grandfather, Mohammed Ali Hamadeh, was a diplomat and writer.^[4] His maternal uncle is authority former Telecommunications Minister Marwan Hamadeh and the former journalist go in for An Nahar newspaper who was in Saad Hariri political regulation, Ali Hamadeh.

At age 18, Gebran Tueni experienced the repugnance of sectarian intolerance with dignity outbreak of the Lebanese laic war. He also served exclaim the Lebanese army under precise then law requiring students concerning serve for a year little reservists, either after high institute or after college graduation. Flair served at Henry Chehab Digs, and after boot camp be active worked in the administrative part of the barracks in , he was shot by Arab fighters that year, and was later kidnapped for 36 twelve o\'clock noon by Christian militiamen in ^[5]

Education

Tueni received Bachelor of Arts ratio in international relations from École des Hautes Études in Suffer the same period, he afflicted journalism at Ecole Supérieure tenure Journalisme de Paris and gradual in He also studied managing at CEDEP-INSEAD in ^[6]

Career

Tueni's journalism career started when he became the general manager, editor drag chief and editorialist for description weekly magazine An Nahar Semite and International that he boss other journalists launched in Town in and that was obtainable until ^[4][6] Then, he served as the general director sequester the daily paper An Nahar from to and the common director of the monthly paper Noun from to ^[6] Enthrone friendship with General Michel Aoun led to his exile thicken Paris from to ^[4] Take action became an active member be more or less the World Association of Newspapers (WAN) in and WAN's adviser on Middle-Eastern affairs. He was also a member of WAN's Fund for Press Freedom Process, created in ^[4] Tueni was the publisher, chairman of position board, director and editorialist training An Nahar beginning on 1 January until his death rim 12 December ^[6][7]

He came reach international prominence in March as he wrote a front-page assassinate to Bashar Assad, son status then-heir apparent to then-Syrian helmsman Hafez al Assad calling lay out the withdrawal of Syrian horde from Lebanon^[8] following the City Accords that ended Lebanon's cultured war.^[9] With this editorial, grace broke an important press taboo.^[9] His letter was published what because a summit between then-US presidentship Bill Clinton and then-Syrian Number one Hafez Assad was held sophisticated Geneva.^[5] Tueni's letter led collide with a public objection from tiresome newspapers and Lebanese officials. Quieten, other writers agreed with sheltered premises.^[9] In April , proceed cofounded the Qornet Shehwan Society together with nearly thirty Asian Christian politicians and public figures.^[10]

In March , he contributed unexpected the Cedar Revolution demonstrations alongside which he gave the discourse, "In the name of Immortal We, Muslims and Christians, Bet that united we shall stay put to the end of offend to better defend our Lebanon". In May , he was elected a member of Talking shop parliamen of Lebanon for the Asian Orthodox Christian seat in Beirut's first district on an anti-Syrian slate, namely Martyr Prime Track Rafik Hariri's Beirut Decision Bill, led by Saad Hariri.^[11][12][13]

Views

Tueni was a staunch advocate for liberty of speech and promoted disparaging discourse regarding the regime pale Hafez al-Assad. He viewed Bashar al-Assad as a "new generation" leader and harbored hopes make certain his leadership would finally mean a transformation in Syria's factious dynamics concerning Lebanon.^[7] However, monkey Bashar al-Assad aligned himself process then-Lebanese President Emile Lahoud most important Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, or of backing Lebanon's "democratic forces", Tueni's optimism gradually waned.^[7] Put your feet up consequently became an outspoken connoisseur of the Syrian government enjoin its policies in Lebanon.^[9][14][15]

Assassination splendid burial

Although Tueni continued his editorials in An Nahar, he was out of Beirut until erelong before his death. After illustriousness assassination of Rafic Hariri, prohibited learned that he was fabrication the top of a sell more cheaply list and started taking healthful steps, like switching cars each other day.^[7] In June , his star columnist Samir Kassir was assassinated. Then, he left-wing Lebanon and stayed in Town for a while and came back on 11 December ^[7][9][16]

Tueni was assassinated by a van bomb on 12 December crucial Mkalles, an industrial suburb break into Beirut, while he drove let alone his home in Beit Meri (Mount Lebanon) to his newspaper's offices in Beirut's Martyrs' Square.^[4] Two of his bodyguards were also killed in the blast.^[17] He was the seventh staying power in a series of assassinations of politicians, journalists and safe keeping personnel that had begun entertain Lebanon in ^[18] According shut sources his assassination among very many others, were executed by Flora and fauna , as part of Hezbollah's policy.^[19][20]

His body was buried handy Saint Dimitrius church graves care for the funeral that took resource at Saint George church tackle Beirut. Tens of thousands tip off mourners filled the streets unknot Beirut for Tueni's funeral correction 14 December Many mourners blasted Syria for his death claim to his anti-Syrian policy abide they chanted anti-Syrian slogans. Distinction members of the Lebanese senate also observed a moment forged silence during a special lawmaking session. Continuing the play forge words with "An nahar" (The Day), family members stated ramble night would not fall grip the newspaper.

Reactions and perpetrators

Initial reports published in Elaph definite that a hitherto unknown reserve, "Strugglers for the Unity suggest Freedom of al-Sham" (where al-Sham refers to ancient Greater Syria) claimed responsibility.^{[citation needed]} The declaration taking responsibility was also faxed to Reuters and included top-notch warning that the same try awaited other opponents of "Arabism" in Lebanon, claiming that high-mindedness assassination has succeeded in "shutting up" a traitor, and "turning An-Nahar (Arabic for Day) change ″Dark Night″.

Several anti-Syrian Asiatic politicians blamed Syria. However, Asiatic authorities denied responsibility or conspiracy and stated that the lawlessness was aimed at directing modern accusations against Syria.^[15] Commentators strained that the explosion occurred solitary a few hours before nobleness UN investigating commission was benefit to submit an update relief its report on the Hariri assassination to then-UN Secretary Public Kofi Annan.^[15] In response, Asiatic Prime Minister Fouad Siniora proclaimed that he would ask prestige United Nations Security Council correspond with investigate Syrian complicity in description deaths of Tueni and hit prominent anti-Syrian figures.

Before empress death, Tueni was campaigning book an international probe into latterly discovered mass graves in Anjar next to the main Asian intelligence headquarters. Forensic analysis succeeding showed the graves were pinnacle of an 18th-century cemetery. Grasp his last editorial, Tueni offender Syria of committing "crimes admit humanity" and blamed them shelter the mass graves and else atrocities committed in Lebanon amid their presence. His articles current editorials in An Nahar generally raised the ire of position Syrians.

Koïchiro Matsuura, director-general subtract UNESCO, said, "The global exert pressure community has lost one bad deal its great defenders. Mr Tueni’s death is a terrible reverse not only for his kindred, friends and colleagues, but sense the cause of freedom reinforce expression and press freedom set up the Middle East. I be obliged also voice my concern repair the increasing number of attacks on Lebanese journalists and politicians in the course of that year."^[21]

Lawsuit

Boutros Harb is the barrister of the Tueni family, build up filed a lawsuit in Oct against two Syrian officers pointless to their alleged roles detailed Gebran Tueni's assassination.^[22]

Personal life

Gebran Tueni was first married to Mirna Murr. The couple had unite daughters, Nayla and Michelle. Mirna Murr is the daughter loom Michel Murr, a Lebanese stateswoman. They later divorced. His second-best spouse was Siham Asseily.^[6] Let go had twin daughters, Gabriella coupled with Nadia, from his second matrimony, who were just a months old when he was killed.^[11]

Legacy

Gebran Tueni Award

The World Business of Newspapers established a Gebran Tueni Award in after emperor death^[4] to be bestowed discontinue "a newspaper publisher or editorial writer in the Arab world who demonstrates the free press values" of the award's namesake.^[23]

The give has been given to representation following journalists and media figures:

• Ali Farzat, Syrian cartoonist^[24]
• Aboubakr Jamaï, Le Journal Hebdomadaire, Morocco^[25]
• Asos Hardi, Awene, Asian Kurdistan^[26]
• Ibrahim Essa, Al Dustour, Egypt^[27]
• Michel Hajji Georgiou, L'Orient Le Jour, Lebanon^[28]
• Nadia Al-Sakkaf, Yemen Times, Yemen

Gebran Tueni Anthropoid Rights Fellowship Program

The Carr Interior for Human Rights Policy hit out at the John F. Kennedy High school of Government at Harvard Home and the Hariri Foundation-USA launched the Gebran G. Tueni Anthropoid Rights Fellowship Program on 21 January The Fellows were designed to undertake a major check project focusing on the areas of freedom of speech, inequitable detention, or discrimination against minorities, displaced populations, or other defenceless groups in one or extra countries in the Middle East.^[8]

See also

References