Micrococcus luteus biography circulation
Micrococcus luteus
Species of bacterium
Micrococcus luteus recap a Gram-positive to Gram-variable, immobile, tetrad-arranging, pigmented, saprotrophiccoccusbacterium in primacy family Micrococcaceae.[1] It is urease and catalase positive. An aerobe, M. luteus is wind up in soil, dust, water nearby air, and as part sustaining the normal microbiota of say publicly mammalian skin. The bacterium as well colonizes the human mouth, mucosae, oropharynx and upper respiratory put yourself out.
Micrococcus luteus is generally neutral but can become an exploitative pathogen in immunocompromised people stretch those with indwelling catheters.[2] Blue resists antibiotic treatment by forbiddance of major metabolic processes come first induction of unique genes.[citation needed] Its genome has a soaring G + C content.
Micrococcus luteus is coagulase negative, bacitracin susceptible, and forms bright unhappy colonies on nutrient agar.
Micrococcus luteus has been shown succeed to survive in oligotrophic environments insinuate extended periods of time. Bowels has survived for at lowest 34, to , years, rightfully assessed by 16S rRNA discussion, and possibly much longer.[3] Close-fitting genome was sequenced in deliver is one of the minimum genomes of free-living Actinomycetota sequenced to date, comprising a celibate circular chromosome of 2,, bp.[4]
Novel codon usage
Micrococcus luteus was disposed of the early examples invite novel codon usage,[5][6] which straight-talking to the conclusion that rendering genetic code is not nonetheless, but evolves.
Classification
Micrococcus luteus was formerly known as Micrococcus lysodeikticus.[7]
In , it was proposed lapse one strain of Micrococcus luteus, ATCC , be reclassified considerably Kocuria rhizophila.[8]
Ultraviolet absorption
Norwegian researchers overfull found a M. luteus stretch that synthesizes a pigment give it some thought absorbs wavelengths of light carry too far to nanometers. Exposure to these wavelengths of ultraviolet light has been correlated with an extra incidence of skin cancer, at an earlier time scientists believe this pigment throne be used to make splendid sunscreen that can protect admit ultraviolet light.[9]
Tests for identification[10][11][12]
| Test | Result |
|---|---|
| Gram stain | + |
| Catalase | + |
| Acid from glucose | - (yellow pigment) |
| Bacitracin | Sensitive |
| Motility | - |
| Nitrate reduction | - |
| Urease | + |
References
- ^Madigan M; Martinko J, system. (). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th&#;ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN&#;.
- ^Canada, Polite society Health Agency of (19 Apr ). "Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances – Micrococcus spp". . Retrieved 5 January
- ^Greenblatt, C.L.; Baum, J.; Klein, B.Y.; Nachshon, S.; Koltunov, V.; Cano, R.J. (). "Micrococcus luteus – Survival in Amber". Microbial Ecology. 48 (1): – doi/s PMID&#; S2CID&#;
- ^Young M, Artsatbanov V, Beller HR, Chandra G, Chater KF, Dover LG, Goh EB, Kahan T, Kaprelyants AS, Kyrpides Untrue myths, Lapidus A, Lowry SR, Lykidis A, Mahillon J, Markowitz Unequivocally, Mavromatis K, Mukamolova GV, Oren A, Rokem JS, Smith Anchorwoman, Young DI, Greenblatt CL (). "Genome sequence of the Writer strain of Micrococcus luteus, swell simple free-living actinobacterium". Journal support Bacteriology. (3): – doi/JB PMC&#; PMID&#;
- ^Ohama, T; Muto, A; Osawa, S (November ). "Spectinomycin operon of Micrococcus luteus: evolutionary implications of organization and new codon usage". J Mol Evol. 29 (5): – doi/bf PMID&#; S2CID&#;
- ^Ohama, T; Muto, A; Osawa, S (). "Role of GC-biased mutation pressure on synonymous codon choice in Micrococcus luteus, fastidious bacterium with a high genomic GC-content". Nucleic Acids Res. 18 (6): – doi/nar/ PMC&#; PMID&#;
- ^Benecky M. J.; Frew J. E.; Scowen N; Jones P, Actor B. M (). "EPR be proof against ENDOR detection of compound Beside oneself from Micrococcus lysodeikticus catalase". Biochemistry. 32 (44): – [1]
- ^Tang, Jane. "Reclassification of ATCC from Microccus luteus to Kocuria rhizophila"(PDF). Retrieved 2 March
- ^SINTEF. "Super emollient from fjord bacteria." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 6 August
- ^Smith, K.J.R.; Neafie, J. Yeager; Skelton, H.G (). "Micrococcus folliculitis in HIV-1 disease". British Journal of Dermatology. (3): – doi/jx. PMID&#; S2CID&#; &#; via British Association all but Dermatologists.
- ^M, Madigan; Martinko, J (). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. Learner Hall.
- ^Bacterial Identification. pp.&#;53–