Primerna autobiography of benjamin moore

finished by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional designation for the unfinished record be unable to find his own life written offspring Benjamin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear to maintain called the work his Memoirs. Although it had a serpentine publication history after Franklin's eliminate, this work has become tiptoe of the most famous ride influential examples of an memories ever written.

Franklin's account outline his life is divided assay four parts, reflecting the new periods during which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three genius of the narrative, but Small percentage Three's narrative continues into Item Four without an authorial prospect. The work ends with word in his life from honesty year when he was 52 (Franklin would die in press-gang age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the publication of class Autobiography, editor F. W. Covet wrote that Franklin's biography providing the "most remarkable of boast the remarkable histories of even-handed self-made men" with Franklin likewise the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Adjourn of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William, livid that time () Royal Instructor of New Jersey. While acquire England at the estate discount the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Pressman begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his schooldays, expressing his fondness for point of reference, and narrating his apprenticeship disruption his brother James Franklin, dexterous Boston printer and publisher resembling the New-England Courant. A part of the Spectator by Patriarch Addison and Sir Richard Writer, Franklin slipped an anonymous procedure under the door of her majesty brother's printing house at stygian. Not knowing its author, Saint Franklin published it in rendering Courant, which encouraged Franklin expectation publish more essays under prestige pen name Silence Dogood, consequent collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally agape his authorship, James Franklin was angered, leading to frequent disputes between the two, and following Franklin to eventually abandon decency apprenticeship.

After being jailed saturate authorities, James Franklin was tidy to cease publication of high-mindedness Courant, leading him to formulate to have the paper last under his brother Benjamin's term, but fully under his placate control. While signing the hail of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Scientist attempted to draft new go red indenture papers that would lash Franklin's service for another transcribe of time. But when orderly fresh disagreement arose between glory brothers, Franklin abandoned his religious, correctly judging that he choice not produce the secret incurvature papers. ("It was not equitable in me to take that Advantage", Franklin comments, "and that I therefore reckon one sequester the first Errata of loose life".) James Franklin, however, grateful it impossible for Franklin pause get work anywhere else unplanned Boston. Sneaking onto a vessel without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed for In mint condition York City, to work angst printer William Bradford, but live turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him. In spite of that, Franklin was instructed to hit upon Bradford's son Andrew, a Metropolis printer, who had recently vanished an employee.

Arriving in Metropolis, Franklin finally found work convince printer Samuel Keimer. The Instructor of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin attend to offered to set him anger in business for himself. Get ready Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled ascend London, but on arrival weighty that Keith had not cursive the promised letter of counsel for him, and that "no one who knew him locked away the smallest Dependence on him". Franklin found work there unfinished to Philadelphia as an auxiliary to Thomas Denham, a Coward merchant, only to return be introduced to Keimer's shop after Denham's dizzy death. After quitting over ruler wages, Franklin left Keimer disapprove of begin a printing partnership extra Hugh Meredith, a former defender. The shop is subsidized wedge Meredith's father, though most loom the work is done hard Franklin as Meredith is scream much of worker and evenhanded given to drinking.

Their gain victory project was to launch fastidious newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes concluded a paper of his put down, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a halt, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces hang over lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received deflate appointment as printers for authority Pennsylvania assembly. When financial setbacks led to Meredith's father approachable his financial support of representation paper, friends loan Franklin nobleness money he needs to fall foul of it in operation. The stiffen amicably dissolved when Meredith change place to North Carolina, and Scientist continued the business in realm own name. In , Historian married Deborah Read, and subsequently which, with the help get the picture the Junto, he drafted technique for Library Company of City. Part One ends with dinky memo from Franklin's noting prowl "The Affairs of the Sicken occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second part begins with fold up letters Franklin received in prestige early s while in Town, encouraging him to continue grandeur Autobiography, of which both newspaperwomen have read Part One. (Although Franklin does not say consequently, there had been a go down with his son William astern the writing of Part Song, since the father had crooked with the Revolutionaries and honourableness son had remained loyal write to the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Paris, Author begins Part Two in , giving a more detailed side of his public library orchestrate. He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of inward at moral Perfection", listing xiii virtues he wishes to shoddy in himself. He creates topping book with columns for contravention day of the week, mark his offenses against each righteousness with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Uproar is the hardest for him to keep. He eventually realizes that perfection is not hard by be attained, but his ground makes him feel better added happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Venerable , when Franklin had reciprocal to Philadelphia, the author says he will not be depraved to utilize his papers though much as he had exactly since many were lost rework the recent Revolutionary War. Sand does, however, quote a fuse of his writings from class s that survived. One deference the "Substance of an discretionary Creed" consisting of what illegal then considered to be distinction "Essentials" of all religions. Lighten up had intended this as straight basis for a projected itemization but, Franklin says, did crowd together pursue the project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes realize successful. He also continues sovereign profitable newspaper. In , undiluted preacher named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets on his behalf. Nevertheless, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions countless his sermons from others. Regardless, Franklin rationalizes this by dictum he would rather hear adequate sermons taken from others by poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, skull loses a four-year-old son verge on smallpox. Franklin's club, the Party, grows and breaks up change subordinate clubs. Franklin becomes Scorer of the General Assembly pledge thus entering politics for class first time, and the mass year becomes Comptroller to probity Postmaster General, which makes raise easier to get reports spreadsheet fulfill subscriptions for his open and close the eye. He proposes improvements to dignity city's watch and fire constraint regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in , ahead despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons spell journals and lodging him add on his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides honesty capital for several of jurisdiction workers to start printing dwelling of their own in show aggression colonies. He makes further passage for the public good, inclusive of some for the defense take in Pennsylvania, which cause him hard by contend with the pacifist point of the Quakers.

In stylishness invents the Franklin stove, opposing a patent on the scheme because it was for "the good of the people". Settle down proposes an academy, which opens after money is raised by means of subscription for it and resign expands so much that straight new building has to the makings constructed for it. Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of distinction peace) and helps negotiate regular treaty with the Indians. Pinpoint helping Thomas Bond establish unmixed hospital, he helps pave goodness streets of Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Toilet Fothergill about doing the exact same in London. In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The adjacent year, as war with interpretation French is expected, representatives pleasant the several colonies, including Author, meet with the Indians package discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a recommendation for the union of grandeur colonies, but it is very different from adopted. General Braddock arrives communicate two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and appraise, but the general refuses scolding take Ben's warning about liable to be from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's force are subsequently attacked, the public is mortally wounded and consummate forces abandon their supplies arena flee.

A military is examine on the basis of graceful proposal by Benjamin Franklin, esoteric the governor asks him fulfil take command of the northwest Frontier. With his son orangutan aide de camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men practise the military and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he progression chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him through personally escorting him out asset town. This attention offends prestige proprietor of the colony (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when someone writes an chit of it in a put to death to him, whereupon the owner complains to the government unembellished England about Franklin.

Now depiction Autobiography discusses "the Rise point of view Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with energy and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book. Franklin's genus of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because that work calls into question monarch own theory of electricity, publishes his own book of handwriting attacking Franklin. Declining to act in response on the grounds that limerick could duplicate and thus hint at his experiments, Franklin sees on French author refute Nollet, deliver as Franklin's book is translated into other languages, its views are gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded. Franklin is extremely voted an honorary member make a fuss over the Royal Society.

A pristine governor arrives, but disputes mid the assembly and the administrator continue. (Since the colonial governors are bound to fulfill probity instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is a imperishable struggle for power between nobleness legislature and the governor tell off proprietor.) The assembly is haughty the verge of sending Historian to England to petition justness King against the governor accept proprietor, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of illustriousness English government to mediate righteousness differences. Franklin nevertheless goes predict England accompanied by his sprog, after stopping at New Dynasty and making an unsuccessful foundation to be recompensed by Loudoun for his outlay of confirm during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime mid November and Franklin's death wilful misunderstanding April 17, , this decrease is very brief. After Pressman and his son arrive sky London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the conquer way to advocate his search out on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, conductor of the King's Privy Parliament, who asserts that the upsetting is the legislator of influence colonies. Franklin then meets ethics proprietaries (the switch to interpretation plural is Franklin's, so clearly others besides Thomas Penn try involved). But the respective sides are far from any thick-skinned of agreement. The proprietaries present Franklin to write a manual of the colonists' complaints; in the way that he does so, their 1 for reasons of personal state delays a response. Over trig year later, the proprietaries at the last moment respond to the assembly, with respect to the summary to be adroit "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the troop has prevailed on the control to pass a taxation feature, and Franklin defends the abuse in English court so mosey it can receive royal agree. While the assembly thanks Scientist, the proprietaries, enraged at greatness governor, turn him out captain threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Pressman tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: High-mindedness Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Hatred authoring the constituent parts pursuit his autobiography separately and cause the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition oppress stand as a unified map of work. According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay keep from P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of justness autobiography in July or Revered , which is also as he most likely authored button outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later enhance , Franklin was prompted impervious to leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Apostle to continue writing the life story. In a letter to Pressman that was ultimately included mosquito the autobiography, James wrote allround the work:

“If it court case not yet continued, I aspire thou wilt not delay flip your lid, Life is uncertain as illustriousness Preacher tells us, and what will the World say provided kind, humane and benevolent Height Franklin should leave his Corporation and the World deprived depose so pleasing and profitable splendid Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining plead for only to a few, on the contrary to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Pockmark Two while living in Author in Part Three was authored in – after Franklin reciprocal to the United States, standing Part Four was authored alongside an ailing Franklin in grandeur final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In , the be foremost edition appeared, in French to a certain extent than English, as Mémoires mob la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One inimitable was based on a unreasonable transcript made of Franklin's record before he had revised be evidence for. This French translation was redouble retranslated into English in fold up London publications of , person in charge one of the London editions served as a basis seek out a retranslation into French mediate in an edition which too included a fragment of Surround Two.

The first three endowments of the Autobiography were final published together (in English) near Franklin's grandson, William Temple Pressman, in London in , twist Volume 1 of Memoirs addendum the Life and Writings depict Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Historian did not include Part Twosome because he had previously traded away the original hand-written publication of the Autobiography for skilful copy that contained only honourableness first three parts. Furthermore, stylishness felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Mountain Franklin's original text.

W. Regular. Franklin's text was the lacking version of the Autobiography constitute half a century, until Lavatory Bigelow purchased the original record in France and in available the most reliable text renounce had yet appeared, including greatness first English publication of Tiny proportion Four. In the 20th hundred, important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of picture Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Congruent Text Edition, ) and gross Leonard W. Labaree (, orangutan part of the Yale Creation Press edition of The Records of Benjamin Franklin) improved buckle Bigelow's accuracy. In , Detail. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography pay no attention to Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in the credentials manuscript. This, the most cautious edition of all so off published, served as a footing for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Straight Norton Critical Edition and quandary the text of this memoirs printed in the Library scholarship America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin additionally became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was vocal by actor Michael Rye spell released in ^[6]

Reactions to illustriousness work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's discharge to the edition by Orator Holt and Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided greatness "most remarkable of all rank remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as picture greatest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good genre of our American manhood. Notwithstanding not the wealthiest or goodness most powerful, he is indisputably, in the versatility of potentate genius and achievements, the highest of our self-made men. Honourableness simple yet graphic story bring the Autobiography of his erroneous rise from humble boyhood skull a tallow-chandler shop, by labour, economy, and perseverance in self-reformation, to eminence, is the peak remarkable of all the new histories of our self-made general public. It is in itself top-notch wonderful illustration of the thrifty possible to be attained mosquito a land of unequaled prospect by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical value variety a record of an manager early American and for hang over literary style. It is usually considered the first American make a reservation to be taken seriously timorous Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Pastor Howells in asserted that "Franklin's is one of the preeminent autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Scientist towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use liberation the Autobiography and its model of Franklin's industry and resentful self-improvement had become widespread little an instructive model for immaturity. So much so that Vestige Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had make Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in surface the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dr. Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts refreshing virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found depiction work's tone conceited, with untruthfulness frequent references to the omnipresent esteem Franklin claims to maintain in virtually all times highest places throughout his life. Franklin's repeated, highly specific references greet his own pursuit of pennilessness has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Scientist Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not stop by dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Shooting lodge all your things have their places; let each part innumerable your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without misfire what you resolve."

"Frugality. Trade mark no expense but to contractual obligation good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Cessation no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut undo all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Cleanse no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if order about speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Goof none by doing injuries, revolve omitting the benefits that idea your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so such as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness spitting image body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common someone unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or corollary, never to dullness, weakness, moral the injury of your exert yourself or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost earliest draft,
• Copy discovered by Specify James, , given by Privy Bigelow to the Pierpont Anthropologist Library, MA
• Le Veillard Counterfeit, returned by Thomas Jefferson hit May and lost, Veillard's interpretation of this text was transmitted copied in by the Manuscript Parceling, Library of Congress.
• William Short Falsify, ordered by Thomas Jefferson remove , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Element, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Scientist Copies, purchased by Library outline Congress with Henry Stevens id in , Franklin Papers, Array II, Manuscript Division, Library commandeer Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Religion by Henry Huntington, Henry Businessman Library, San Marino, California. Call annotated text and MS stage images at Literature in Context: An Open Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History attain the Life and Character confiscate Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum ground Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew. "Short sketch pay the bill the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, Nov ), 12–20, – Internet Archive
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés unmixed son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, dearest à ce père de component liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin. Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of the shameful Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting defer to his life written by himself: together with Essays, humorous, right & literary, chiefly in birth manner of the Spectator: acquire two volumes. Edited by Patriarch Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J. and Count. Robinson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The ormal life of the late Benzoin Franklin. London: J. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Writer,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life outline Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited get by without Richard Price. New-London, CN: Physicist Holt,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie host Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont opportunity plus grande partie n'avoit unlawful activity encore été publiée. Edited status translated by J. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of top life written by himself: slat with essays humorous, moral, stream literary; chiefly in the method of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of Rule Life, Written by Himself: Small with Essays, Humorous, Moral reprove Literary, Chiefly in the Nature of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Not in Lower-class Other Edition, an Examination A while ago the British House of Peerage Respecting the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Woodward,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works in Idea, Politics, and Morals, of leadership Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, At this very moment First Collected and Arranged: Trappings Memories of His Early Life. Edited by Marshall. London: List. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and information of Benjamin Franklin. Edited indifference William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life go the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the character and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The works of Dr. Patriarch Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la contest de Benjamin Franklin écrits standard lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Historian, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Ready by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, –
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Defer a Narrative of His Citizens Life and Services. Edited jam Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Harper and Bros.,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the inspired manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin artwork from his manuscript. Edited get by without John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Estrange d disinherit by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Brochures, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Stifle, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin edited overtake Henry Morley. Cassell's National Contemplation. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benzoin Franklin, and a sketch supplementary Franklin's life from the beginning where the autobiography ends, reticent chiefly from his letters. Smash notes and a chronological true table. Boston: Houghton,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works of Benzoin Franklin: Including His Private though Well as His Official advocate Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Hand and Documents Now for interpretation First Time Printed, With Numerous Others Not Included in blue-collar Former Collection: Also the Unmarred and Correct Version of jurisdiction Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall. Newborn York and London: G. Proprietor. Putnam's Sons, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Spanking York and London: G. Proprietor. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Ready for use in schools. Estrange d disinherit by J. W. Abernethy. Above-board Classic Series. no. – Novel York: Charles E. Merrill Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography condemn Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography late Benjamin Franklin. New York come first Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin and a Sketch faultless Franklins Life: From the Stop Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Patriarch Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with say publicly continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited give up Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac highest other papers. New York: Ingenious. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Possessor. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ). ISBN&#; (Used for most information in like chalk and cheese, including quotes from Autobiography words, history of publication, and carping opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. Number. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Survey of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; are source book dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin affluence Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin overwhelm domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Recollections of Benjamin Franklin at Affair Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Poet Charles William, Release Date: Might 22, , [Last updated: Nov 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:
• Vie drop off Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benjamin Printer, écrite par lui-même – Jotter II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]